Drug Design, Discovery and Development

Drug discovery and design are the processes of finding new drugs by design, depending on their biological targets. It is also known as a rational drug design. Drug discovery is an effort to develop a new drug molecule by applying varieties of methodologies of design. This process involves the identification of drug targets, lead molecules, candidates, Synthesis, Screening, physical and chemical characterization and assays. Drug development is the process of manufacturing and marketing the biologically active compound by drug design by observing the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicological and other various clinical parameters are involved.

Drug design is ligand design (i.e., the design of a small molecule that binds tightly to its target). And modeling techniques for enhancing of binding affinity are reasonably successful there are many other properties, such as bioavailability, biological half-life, reducing side effects lack of adverse effects, etc., that first must be optimized before a ligand can become a safe and efficacious drug.